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Chapter 13 · Verse 23 · Ksetra Ksetrajna Vibhaaga Yoga

Bhagavad Gita 13.23

contemplative Self & Identity Jnana & Wisdom Moksha & Liberation

Sanskrit

उपद्रष्टाऽनुमन्ता च भर्ता भोक्ता महेश्वरः।परमात्मेति चाप्युक्तो देहेऽस्मिन्पुरुषः परः।।13.23।।

Transliteration

upadraṣhṭānumantā cha bhartā bhoktā maheśhvaraḥ paramātmeti chāpy ukto dehe ’smin puruṣhaḥ paraḥ

Word by Word

upadraṣhṭā the witness
anumantā the permitter
cha and
bhartā the supporter
bhoktā the transcendental enjoyer
mahā-īśhvaraḥ the ultimate controller
parama-ātmā Superme Soul
iti that
cha api and also
uktaḥ is said
dehe within the body
asmin this
puruṣhaḥ paraḥ the Supreme Lord
Simplified Perspective

Within this body dwells the Supreme Witness—present in every moment, consenting to all that unfolds, sustaining existence itself, and ultimately experiencing through all beings. This is the Paramatman, the divine consciousness that does not act, yet permits action; does not eat, yet tastes all experience.

When you recognize this Supreme Self as the true subject of your life, the ego's tyranny dissolves, and you become a clear channel for divine intelligence rather than a desperate controller grasping at outcomes.

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Bhagavad Gita 13.23 — BG 13.23

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Sanskrit text from the Bhagavad Gita (public domain). Commentary © Mahakatha.

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